یادگیری زبان انگلیسی با استفاده از جملات کاربردی یکی از بهترین روشهای تقویت مهارتهای زبانی است. در این صفحه، 325 جمله انگلیسی با کلمه abstract را گردآوری کردهایم تا به شما کمک کند کاربرد این کلمه را در بافتهای مختلف بیاموزید.
در صورتی که قصد یادگیری لغات abstract را دارید، پیشنهاد میکنیم که در قالب جمله انگلیسی با کلمه abstract و همچنین مطالعه مثال برای abstract، اقدام به جمله سازی با abstract نمائید تا بتوانید به هدف استفاده از abstract در جمله نائل شوید.
هر جمله با تلفظ صحیح همراه است و میتوانید با کلیک روی دکمه 🔊 به آن گوش دهید. این جملات از منابع معتبر Oxford و Cambridge انتخاب شدهاند تا یادگیری شما همراه با باکیفیتترین محتوا باشد.
جمله با abstract
The word is abstract in intention
The theory is too abstract for me.
The word is abstract in intention.
Your explanation is too abstract to me.
She knows poverty only in the abstract.
Your explanation is too abstract for me.
His speech is too abstract to understand.
His notion of welfare is pretty abstract.
They are interested in abstract reasoning.
The idea of happiness is extremely abstract.
Can you translate this abstract into Arabic?
Some abstract art is difficult to understand.
Goodness is abstract, a kind act is concrete.
His notion was neither concrete nor abstract.
She is very biased against abstract painting.
They also painted nine abstract films now lost
They also painted nine abstract films now lost.
Benevolence is abstract, a good deed is concrete.
I didn't read the paper, but I read the abstract.
Always read the abstract of a research paper first
مثال برای abstract
Always read the abstract of a research paper first.
The new theory is too abstract for ordinary people.
His idea is too abstract to be of practical use to us.
Young people know the disasters of war only in the abstract.
Assigning numbers to abstract things is a dangerous business.
Theres little attempt at generalization or abstract theorizing
Theres little attempt at generalization or abstract theorizing.
Read the abstract before investing time in the rest of the paper
All art is abstract, because art is an abstraction of the truth.
Read the abstract before investing time in the rest of the paper.
جمله انگلیسی با کلمه abstract
To him, hunger was an abstract concept; he always had enough to eat.
For him, hunger was an abstract concept. He had always had enough food.
I have difficulty understanding abstract modern art, especially Mondrian.
a man with a backpack staring to the camera on a yellow abstract background
a man with a backpack staring to the camera on a yellow abstract background.
There are more isometry groups than these two of the same abstract group type
Critics may argue that all the foregoing characterizations are very abstract.
There are more isometry groups than these two of the same abstract group type.
He is now publishing updates on his recent work including an extended abstract
He is now publishing updates on his recent work including an extended abstract.
جمله انگلیسی با abstract
The ultimate abstract principle of actual existence for Whitehead is creativity
The ultimate abstract principle of actual existence for Whitehead is creativity.
Political reality had proved more complex than the abstract models of game theory
Political reality had proved more complex than the abstract models of game theory.
Ricardo Reis after an abstract meditation which suddenly takes concrete shape in an ode
Ricardo Reis after an abstract meditation which suddenly takes concrete shape in an ode.
'-osity' is an abstract noun word ending created from the ending of an '-ous' adjective.
Many of the pillars are decorated with abstract enigmatic pictograms and carved animal reliefs
Many of the pillars are decorated with abstract enigmatic pictograms and carved animal reliefs.
In painting Thorsen painted a number of abstract works which have become increasingly collectible
جمله انگلیسی در مورد abstract
In painting Thorsen painted a number of abstract works which have become increasingly collectible.
This allocation of qualities based on abstract group association is known as thirdorder indexicality
This allocation of qualities based on abstract group association is known as thirdorder indexicality.
The abstract analysis of the world by mathematics and physics rests on the concepts of space and time.
And I've been very explicit about how it should be paid for, not abstract, not rhetoric, very, very explicit
Never use abstract nouns when concrete ones will do. If you mean “More people died” don’t say “Mortality rose.
Mathematics expresses values that reflect the cosmos, including orderliness, balance, harmony, logic, and abstract beauty.
Survivors and prevailers are those who love themselves above failure and everything else except the abstract and mysterious.
The advantages granted by the language for communication, learning of complex information, and conception of abstract ideas are obvious.
It is still difficult for me to talk about abstract topics such as the economy or philosophy, because those are not very familiar words for me.
جمله انگلیسی درباره abstract
The negotiations were simultaneously cerebral and physical, abstract and personal, something like a combination of chess and mountain climbing.
It is simply wrong to begin with a theme, symbol or other abstract unifying agent, and then try to force characters and events to conform to it.
All religions are good 'in principle' - but unfortunately this abstract Good has only rarely prevented their practitioners from behaving like bastards.
Money is human happiness in the abstract: he, then, who is no longer capable of enjoying human happiness in the concrete devotes his heart entirely to money.
Love is an abstract noun, something nebulous. And yet love turns out to be the only part of us that is solid, as the world turns upside down and the screen goes black.
Tomorrow I have my oral exam in German, which I'm not too bothered about. On Thursday, however, I have an exam on abstract algebra — specifically, ring theory — which I'm really dreading.
The place that the shepherds found was not an academy or an abstract republic, it was not a place of myths allegorised or dissected or explained or explained away. It was a place of dreams come true.
is that too abstract?
on this abstract model
enjoy more abstract art
جمله با کلمه abstract
abstract economic theory
abstract expressionists who
sometimes they're abstract;
abstract curiosity about me.
your theory is too abstract.
hiv is not an abstract threat.
within the abstract patterning.
this is rubbish, very abstract.
power, abstract, blowup, flavor.
but in fact, are fairly abstract.
جمله برای abstract
very abstract and very low level;
now that's a big abstract number.
your speculation is too abstract.
malevich's abstract compositions.
is things are getting too abstract.
i start with my idea. i abstract it.
more abstract. these are your engineers
that is not just an abstract proposition.
i'm abstract art. what am i? i'm abstract.
here's a video about abstract mathematics.
جمله سازی با abstract
sometimes possession is an abstract concept
but you can see that these are more abstract
people can be engaged with the most abstract
awareness and logical and abstract reasoning
and i think that an abstract, digital universe
between the abstract of how we see our practice
of the things unseen, the sort of abstract idea
for more abstract sounds and things to play live
Oh, I hate the cheap severity of abstract ethics!
In politics all abstract terms conceal treachery.
جمله سازی با کلمه abstract
it's not like its relation to some abstract form.
what's the most abstract form? it's a stick figure.
now, continuing from the next page of the abstract.
abstract notions of rights and justice, and so forth
that were trying to put together an abstract art show
Don’t allow your life disappear into an abstract mirage
this man was the real father of abstract expressionism.
it's very hard to find any example of abstract language
that music is a different capacity because it's abstract.
that maybe only resemble eyes in a very very abstract way.
چند جمله با abstract
but the number, the abstract idea of the number, is the same.
something very cold and distant and abstract like the universe
in some abstract way, and you can try to examine this question
now it's really hard to think about anything abstract like this
is not starting from some abstract knowledge of genomic medicine
involved in the way you can assign value to literally abstract ideas
you can get at some pretty abstract concepts with this sort of thing.
You need a body to preserve your soul, not a set of abstract principles.
Freedom - rather more complicated in the concrete than the abstract, yes?
figuring out something like this is... it's a much more abstract level of thought.
کاربرد abstract
abstract evangelical space migration ability instant instantaneous institution urban village
There is no abstract art. You must always start with something. Afterward you can remove all traces of reality.
Do not allow your life to just fly out of your own hands. Do not allow your life to just disappear into some abstract mirage.
A mathematician is an? individual who calls himself a 'physicist' and does 'physics' and physical experiments with abstract concepts.
Like Aristotle, conservatives generally accept the world as it is; they distrust the politics of abstract reason – that is, reason divorced from experience.
Intolerance is a form of divided consciousness in which abstract, conceptual, ideological hatred vanquishes concrete, real and individual moments of identification.
Woman" in the abstract is young, and, we assume, charming. As they get older they pass off the stage, somehow, into private ownership mostly, or out of it altogether.
Preparing citizens to act thoughtfully to create a more just, open, and creative society gives form, substance and meaning to often abstract concepts of freedom and democracy.
The more we learn of outer space and inner space, of quasars and quarks, of Big Bangs and Little Blips, the more remote, abstract and intellectually inconsequential it all becomes.
I wanted to be that,The one which was vast,The one which laughed,The one which surpassed,Yes, which also collapsed.True, it was abstract.I wanted to be that.I still, want to be that!
متن انگلیسی در مورد abstract
I was painter staring at a canvas waiting for the forgotten visions of my new abstract piece to come to me. But I am the abstract piece and my mind cannot comprehend the work my heart has created.
What is one reason the art of Islam may be abstract
There is also the abstract noun LRB RRB atheism .
Which term is criticized as having abstract overreach?
What do entities lose when handled in abstract algebra?
From the abstract of Wedde Farooq and Zhang LRB 2004 RRB.
What can be replaced to simplify abstract algebra concepts?
Many people find it difficult to fathom abstract works of art.
I put abstract feelings on the same level as abstract thoughts.
It was hard for the detective to solve the killer’s abstract riddle.
مثال با abstract
Geometrical and abstract elements are combined with figurative elements.
After the meeting, Darwin decided to write "an abstract of my whole work".
Albers is best remembered for his work as an abstract painter and theorist.
Eg the particular redness of a particular apple is an abstract particular.
From an abstract point of view, isomorphic groups carry the same information
I cannot distinguish any defined shapes within the artist’s abstract painting.
That difference accounts for the ontological usefulness of the word abstract .
Most people consider love an abstract idea because it is not a physical object.
Another algebra LRB which is not abstract RRB is elementary algebra for example.
Typically abstraction is used in the arts as a synonym for abstract art in general.
جمله سازی با کلمه abstract
Unfortunately, the inventor could not turn his abstract idea into an actual product.
When I opened the board game, I was completely confused by the abstract instructions.
In the game, each team is given an abstract noun to describe using only illustrations.
Things that do not exist at any particular place and time are often considered abstract.
According to philosophers, perfection is an abstract concept that can never be realized.
Cobra was a milestone in the development of Tachisme and European abstract expressionism.
There is an abstract thinking just as there is abstract feeling sensation and intuition.
He became wellknown through his largerscale abstract cast bronze and carved marble sculptures.
The remainder is usually filled with patterns of leaves grapes or abstract knotwork patterns.
His abstract works with flat planes of color emulated the works of cubists and of Paul Klee.
تاپیک سنتز برای abstract
Hopefully the architect will be able to turn my abstract sketches into the house of my dreams.
The inner product generalizes the dot product to abstract vector spaces and is usually denoted by.
He was a pioneer of geometric abstract art and the originator of the avantgarde Suprematism movement.
The story has potential, with how he learns about the world, but I think for my son it's too abstract.
In mathematics and abstract algebra group theory studies a type of algebraic structure called a group.
A phylogenetic analysis was presented in an abstract for the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology in 2005.
His Cubism, despite its abstract qualities, was associated with themes of mechanization and modern life.
By contrast instances or members of such an abstract thing might exist in many different places and times.
Perhaps confusingly some philosophies refer to tropes LRB instances of properties RRB as abstract particulars.
An expert in ancient forms of communication, Jim can understand the abstract language used by prehistoric peoples.
جملات abstract
Because the artist couldn’t think of a topic for his newest sculpture, he painted an abstract piece with no theme.
While looking at the abstract design by the artist, the curvilinear shapes seemed to come together as a landscape.
He was best known for his abstract monumental sculptures which are located around the world as public works of art.
If you go to the designer with an abstract idea, it will be difficult for him to create the wedding dress you desire.
The epistemic idea that raw knowledge is entirely abstract in nature is a concept which seems readily acceptable to me.
Those abstract things are then said to be multiply instantiated in the sense of picture 1 picture 2 etc shown above.
The appearance of more systematic, abstract thinking is a notable aspect of what type of development during adolescence?
Expressionist abstract painting as practiced by artists such as Jackson Pollock is the opposite of geometric abstraction.
The art gallery was dedicated to the phantasmagoria of abstract and downright confusing paintings of a single artist today.
Francis was initially influenced by the work of abstract expressionists such as Mark Rothko Arshile Gorky and Clyfford Still.
جمله abstract
For example it is difficult to agree to whether concepts like God the number three and goodness are real abstract or both.
Although the concepts cat and telephone are abstractions they are not abstract in the sense of the objects in graph 1 above.
The first symbols of abstract thinking in humans can be traced to fossil objects dating between 50000 and 100000 years ago in Africa.
In linguistics this is called metonymy in which abstract concepts are named using the same sorts of nouns that signify concrete objects.
In abstract algebra, more general structures are defined by relaxing some of the axioms defining a group. What is derived from (Q \ [0],-)
In abstract algebra, more general structures are defined by relaxing some of the axioms defining a group. Axioms are defined by relaxing what
The modern concept of an abstract group developed out of several fields of mathematics. When did Arthur Cayley publish On the theory of groups
Any solid object that you can touch is concrete, unlike something abstract that you cannot interact with, such as souls, thoughts, or feelings.
Other examples of pioneer abstractionists such as Kazimir Malevich and Piet Mondrian have also embraced this approach towards abstract painting.
The workmanship of Manuel Pereira da Silva has an abstract formal orientation inspired in the human figure in particularly the man and the woman.
کاربرد کلمه abstract در انگلیسی
Abstract sensation would be aesthetic as opposed to sensuous sensation and abstract intuition would be symbolic as opposed to fantastic intuition.
The used queries are somewhat different from relational SQL It uses a socalled abstract schema of the enterprise beans not the relational model.
Although a real pair of compasses is used to draft visible illustrations the ideal compass used in proofs is an abstract creator of perfect circles.
A One Instruction Set Computer LRB OISC RRB is an abstract computer that uses only one instruction LRB with no need for a machine language opcode RRB.
After the meeting, Darwin decided to write "an abstract of my whole work". Which publisher did Lyell convince to arrange publication of Darwin's work?
The game was wellreviewed but its abstract style did not allow the player to give a performance as in other games and thus proved difficult to market.
In abstract algebra, more general structures are defined by relaxing some of the axioms defining a group. What does generalizing an n-ary group give rise to?
Artists typically believe that the more their abstract artwork is a nonconformity to the artistic patterns of the past, the more original the artwork will be.
Artists typically believe that the more their abstract artwork is a nonconformity to the artistic patterns of the past, the more original the artwork will be.
Piaget describes adolescence as the stage of life in which the individual's thoughts start taking more of an abstract form and the egocentric thoughts decrease
استفاده از abstract در جمله
A popular and critical success it introduced many Americans to serious science fiction and abstract ideas through television and Twilight Zone books and comics.
Another reason why Islamic art is usually abstract is to symbolize the transcendence, indivisible and infinite nature of God, an objective achieved by arabesque
Hutton later read an abstract of his Concerning the system of the Earth its duration and stability on 4 July 1785 which he had printed and circulated privately.
Wassily Kandinsky one of the forerunners of pure nonobjective painting was among the first modern artists to explore this geometric approach in his abstract work.
It can blur the distinction between abstract and concrete things 1805 Horatio Nelson LRB Battle of Trafalgar RRB England expects that every man will do his duty .
Apollinaire supported these early developments of abstract Cubism in Les Peintres cubistes (1913), writing of a new "pure" painting in which the subject was vacated.
The modern concept of an abstract group developed out of several fields of mathematics. Who developed a theory giving the first abstract definition of a finite group?
Popper argued strongly against the latter, holding that scientific theories are abstract in nature, and can be tested only indirectly, by reference to their implications
It allows entities with highly diverse mathematical origins in abstract algebra and beyond to be handled in a flexible way while retaining their essential structural aspects
It is not sufficient however to define abstract ideas as those that can be instantiated and to define abstraction as the movement in the opposite direction to instantiation.
A recent metaanalysis suggests that the verbal system has greater engagement for abstract concepts when the perceptual system is more engaged for processing of concrete concepts.
Static analysis techniques for software verification can be applied also in the scenario of query languages. What do query languages support in abstract interpretation frameworks
Adolescence is also a time for rapid cognitive development. Who describes adolescence as the stage of life in which the individual's thoughts start taking more of an abstract form
The appearance of more systematic, abstract thinking is another notable aspect of cognitive development during adolescence. Children under what age often cannot comprehend sarcasm?
This conceptual scheme emphasizes the inherent equality of both constituent and abstract data thus avoiding problems arising from the distinction between abstract and concrete .
An approach to resolving such difficulty is to use predicates as a general term for whether things are variously real abstract concrete or of a particular property LRB eg good RRB.
A physical object LRB a possible referent of a concept or word RRB is considered concrete LRB not abstract RRB if it is a particular individual that occupies a particular place and time.
Reification also called hypostatization might be considered a formal fallacy whenever an abstract concept such as society or technology is treated as if it were a concrete object.
Artwork that reshapes the natural world for expressive purposes is called abstract that which derives from but does not imitate a recognizable subject is called nonobjective abstraction.
Kupka’s two entries at the 1912 Salon d'Automne, Amorpha-Fugue à deux couleurs and Amorpha chromatique chaude, were highly abstract (or nonrepresentational) and metaphysical in orientation
Short & Simple Example Sentence For abstract | abstract Sentence
The main disadvantage of abstraction is that highly abstract concepts are more difficult to learn and require a degree of mathematical maturity and experience before they can be assimilated.
He joined the HÃ st group during the Nazi occupation of Denmark writing about medieval Danish murals for its journal Helhesten and continued to produce controversial modern abstract works.
In addition to elementary algebra or basic algebra there are advanced forms of algebra taught in colleges and universities such as abstract algebra linear algebra and universal algebra.
In abstract algebra, more general structures are defined by relaxing some of the axioms defining a group. What product is created if the requirement that every element has an inverse is eliminated
Else Alfelt encouraged Pedersen to paint and he first exhibited at the Artists Autumn Exhibition LRB Kunstnernes Efterà rsudstilling RRB in Copenhagen in 1936 where he showed four abstract works.
is that too abstract?
on this abstract model
enjoy more abstract art
abstract economic theory
abstract expressionists who
sometimes they're abstract;
abstract curiosity about me.
your theory is too abstract.
hiv is not an abstract threat.
within the abstract patterning.
this is rubbish, very abstract.
power, abstract, blowup, flavor.
but in fact, are fairly abstract.
very abstract and very low level;
now that's a big abstract number.
How do you write a good sentence with abstract?
your speculation is too abstract.
malevich's abstract compositions.
is things are getting too abstract.
i start with my idea. i abstract it.
more abstract. these are your engineers
that is not just an abstract proposition.
i'm abstract art. what am i? i'm abstract.
here's a video about abstract mathematics.
sometimes possession is an abstract concept
but you can see that these are more abstract
people can be engaged with the most abstract
awareness and logical and abstract reasoning
and i think that an abstract, digital universe
between the abstract of how we see our practice
of the things unseen, the sort of abstract idea
for more abstract sounds and things to play live
it's not like its relation to some abstract form.
what's the most abstract form? it's a stick figure.
now, continuing from the next page of the abstract.
abstract notions of rights and justice, and so forth
English Sentences with Audio Using the Word abstract.
that were trying to put together an abstract art show
this man was the real father of abstract expressionism.
it's very hard to find any example of abstract language
that music is a different capacity because it's abstract.
that maybe only resemble eyes in a very very abstract way.
but the number, the abstract idea of the number, is the same.
something very cold and distant and abstract like the universe
in some abstract way, and you can try to examine this question
now it's really hard to think about anything abstract like this
is not starting from some abstract knowledge of genomic medicine
involved in the way you can assign value to literally abstract ideas
you can get at some pretty abstract concepts with this sort of thing.
figuring out something like this is... it's a much more abstract level of thought.
abstract evangelical space migration ability instant instantaneous institution urban village
Director Paul Cox 's unorthodox , abstract approach to visualizing Nijinsky 's diaries is both stimulating and demanding .
Informative , intriguing , observant , often touching ... gives a human face to what 's often discussed in purely abstract terms .
Watching junk like this induces a kind of abstract guilt , as if you were paying dues for good books unread , fine music never heard .
The movie certainly has its share of clever moments and biting dialogue , but there 's just not much lurking below its abstract surface .
In abstract algebra, more general structures are defined by relaxing some of the axioms defining a group. What type of numbers under addition form a monoid
There is no psychology here , and no real narrative logic -- just a series of carefully choreographed atrocities , which become strangely impersonal and abstract .
How to Use abstract with Example Sentences.
The stripped-down dramatic constructs , austere imagery and abstract characters are equal parts poetry and politics , obvious at times but evocative and heartfelt .
This included metaphysical concepts such as atman and Brahman, and emphasized meditation, self-discipline, self-knowledge and abstract spirituality, rather than ritualism
Static analysis techniques for software verification can be applied also in the scenario of query languages. What do query languages oppose in abstract interpretation frameworks
The set of graphic and format characters defined by Unicode does not correspond directly to the repertoire of abstract characters that is representable under Unicode. What is an ogonek
Other investigations of brain areas unrelated to vision have revealed cells with a wide variety of response correlates, some related to memory, some to abstract types of cognition such as space
You have once again entered the bizarre realm where director Adrian Lyne holds sway , where all relationships are simultaneously broadly metaphorical , oddly abstract , and excruciatingly literal .
Nor do all metaphysical idealists agree on the nature of the ideal; for Plato, the fundamental entities were non-mental abstract forms, while for Leibniz they were proto-mental and concrete monads
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به جای حفظ کردن لغت abstract ، جملات کوتاه با abstract را حفظ کنید.
اگر واقعاً نمی توانید از حفظ کردن دل بکنید، به جای حفظ کردن لغت انگلیسی abstract، جملات کوتاه مختلف با لغت abstract را حفظ کنید. مثلاً به جای اینکه لغت “university” را به معنی “دانشگاه” حفظ کنید، عبارت “I go to university” به معنی “من به دانشگاه می روم” را حفظ کنید. وقتی شما به جای حفظ کردن لغت انگلیسی abstract، جملات کوتاه انگلیسی با کلمه abstract را حفظ می کنید، حداقل مطمئن هستید که می توانید به درستی از abstract در جمله استفاده کنید. در ضمن، به طور ناخودآگاه نیز گرامر زبان انگلیسی را یاد می گیرید.
جمله سازی با کلمه abstract
ساختن جمله با abstract به شما کمک می کند تا واژه ای را که آموخته اید در جمله به کار ببرید و موقعیت استفاده از آن را به خاطر بسپارید. شاید بتوان گفت این بهترین روش یادگیری سریع لغت انگلیسی abstract است. اما برای اینکه مغز شما بتواند لغت abstract را در آینده به یاد بیاورد، بهترین راه استفاده از روش زیر است:
با لغت abstract ده جمله بسازید و در هر کدام از جملات معنای متفاوتی از واژه abstract که می خواهید یاد بگیرید را به کار ببرید. با ساختن جمله از لغات جدید به مغزتان کمک می کنید تا یاد بگیرد، زیرا به طور فعال در فرآیند یادگیری دخیل می شود.
به جای حفظ کردن لغت abstract ، جملات کوتاه با abstract را حفظ کنید.
اگر واقعاً نمی توانید از حفظ کردن دل بکنید، به جای حفظ کردن لغت انگلیسی abstract، جملات کوتاه مختلف با لغت abstract را حفظ کنید. مثلاً به جای اینکه لغت “university” را به معنی “دانشگاه” حفظ کنید، عبارت “I go to university” به معنی “من به دانشگاه می روم” را حفظ کنید. وقتی شما به جای حفظ کردن لغت انگلیسی abstract، جملات کوتاه انگلیسی با کلمه abstract را حفظ می کنید، حداقل مطمئن هستید که می توانید به درستی از abstract در جمله استفاده کنید. در ضمن، به طور ناخودآگاه نیز گرامر زبان انگلیسی را یاد می گیرید.
جمله سازی با کلمه abstract
ساختن جمله با abstract به شما کمک می کند تا واژه ای را که آموخته اید در جمله به کار ببرید و موقعیت استفاده از آن را به خاطر بسپارید. شاید بتوان گفت این بهترین روش یادگیری سریع لغت انگلیسی abstract است. اما برای اینکه مغز شما بتواند لغت abstract را در آینده به یاد بیاورد، بهترین راه استفاده از روش زیر است:
با لغت abstract ده جمله بسازید و در هر کدام از جملات معنای متفاوتی از واژه abstract که می خواهید یاد بگیرید را به کار ببرید. با ساختن جمله از لغات جدید به مغزتان کمک می کنید تا یاد بگیرد، زیرا به طور فعال در فرآیند یادگیری دخیل می شود.
ساختار جملات انگلیسی با abstractشاید مهم ترین مفهوم در زبان، جمله باشد. یادگیری ساختار جمله (sentence structure) در انگلیسی و هر زبان دیگری امری بسیار ضروری است. هر زبانی گرامر خاص خودش دارد و بر اساس آن ساختار جمله مشخص می شود. همین نکته در مورد زبان انگلیسی هم صدق می کند. در این زبان هم در هر نوع جمله ای قواعد دستوری خاصی حکم فرما است و هر یک از آن ها نقش مهمی در رساندن دقیق منظورمان دارند.
یک جمله گروهی از کلمات می باشد که در کنار یکدیگر قرار میگیرند و هر کدام از این کلمات اطلاعات خاصی را به ما می دهند. این کلمات اغلب با هم فرق دارند و هر کدام نقش خاص خودشان را در جمله دارند. از مهمترین اجزاء هر جمله می توان به فعل Verb، اسم Noun، صفت Adjective، قید Adverb، حرف ربطی conjunctions، حرف اضافه preposition، حرف تعریف و ... اشاره کرد.
ساختار جملات انگلیسی را می توان به 4 دسته تقسیم کرد.
جمله ساده با abstract
یک جمله ساده با abstract از یک بند اصلی که شامل فعل و فاعل است، تشکیل شده که اطلاعات کاملی در مورد یک اتفاق یا حالت را به ما می دهد. قاعده کلی ساختار این جملات به صورت زیر است:
فاعل + فعل قابل صرف
جمله مرکب با abstract
برخلاف جملات ساده، در جملات مرکب با abstract، دو بند داریم که با حرف ربط (Conjunction) یا ویرگول (comma) به هم متصل می شوند. نکته ای که باید در این جا به آن توجه شود این است که از آن جایی که دو بندی که در ساختار جملات مرکب انگلیسی با abstract به کار برده می شوند، مستقل هستند، حتی به صورت جداگانه هم معنا می دهند. ترکیب نحوی ساختار جملات مرکب انگلیسی با abstract بصورت ذیل است:
بند مستقل + حرف ربط همپایه ساز + بند مستقل
جمله پیچیده با abstract
ساختار جمله پیچیده (complex sentence structure) با abstract همانطور که از نامش پیداست کمی با جمله مرکب با abstract فرق دارد. در جملات پیچیده با abstract، در کنار بند مستقل می توان از یک بند وابسته هم استفاده کرد. یک بند وابسته شامل حرف ربط وابسته ساز (Subordinating conjunction) یا ضمیر موصولی (relative pronoun) است. یادتان باشد این بند با این که فاعل و فعل دارد اما ممکن است معنای کاملی نداشته باشد. بنابراین یک بند وابسته برای این که مفهوم کاملی داشته باشد، به یک بند مستقل نیاز دارد. ترکیب نحوی ساختار جملات پیچیده انگلیسی با abstract بصورت ذیل است:
بند مستقل + بند مستقل وابسته
جمله پیچیده – مرکب با abstract
ساختار پیچیده – مرکب ( compound-complex) با abstract همانطور که از نامش می توان حدس زد، ترکیبی است از جملات پیچیده و مرکب با لغت abstract. یعنی از دو بند مستقل و یک بند وابسته تشکیل می شود. این بندها با حرف ربط همپایه ساز به هم متصل می شوند. ساختار جملات پیچیده – مرکب ( compound-complex) با abstract بصورت ذیل است:
بند مستقل + بند وابسته + حرف ربط + بند مستقل
– همواره سعی کنید در مکالمه و یا ترجمه فارسی به انگلیسی، از ساختار و کلماتی استفاده نمائید که خود افراد انگلیسی زبان (نیتیو) آن ساختار و کلمات را بکار می برند.
طبیعی است که برای این هدف لازم است شخص ترجمه کننده آنقدر متن انگلیسی خوانده باشد و نسبت به کالوکیشن ها و همایندهای زبان انگلیسی آشنا باشد تا بتواند به مانند انگلیسی زبان های نیتیو، مفهوم را منتقل کند.
مجدداً تاکید میکنیم که صرفاً با ابتکار و خلاقیت های شخصی، بدون تسلط به کالوکیشن های زبان انگلیسی به هیچ وجه این امر میسر نخواهد بود.
