یادگیری زبان انگلیسی با استفاده از جملات کاربردی یکی از بهترین روشهای تقویت مهارتهای زبانی است. در این صفحه، 240 جمله انگلیسی با کلمه mucosa را گردآوری کردهایم تا به شما کمک کند کاربرد این کلمه را در بافتهای مختلف بیاموزید.
در صورتی که قصد یادگیری لغات mucosa را دارید، پیشنهاد میکنیم که در قالب جمله انگلیسی با کلمه mucosa و همچنین مطالعه مثال برای mucosa، اقدام به جمله سازی با mucosa نمائید تا بتوانید به هدف استفاده از mucosa در جمله نائل شوید.
هر جمله با تلفظ صحیح همراه است و میتوانید با کلیک روی دکمه 🔊 به آن گوش دهید. این جملات از منابع معتبر Oxford و Cambridge انتخاب شدهاند تا یادگیری شما همراه با باکیفیتترین محتوا باشد.
جمله با mucosa
It penetrates the mucosa.
An additional 32 biopsies from adults investigated for diarrhoea but with a normal jejunal mucosa on histology were selected as controls.
These cells infiltrate into the colonic mucosa and are abundant during the active phase of colitis.
Although H pylori does not invade the mucosa
Activation of such immune mechanisms may hence reflect increased antigenic load caused by the immune mediated lesion in the gut mucosa.
This is a more typical acute gastritis with a diffusely hyperemic gastric mucosa.
Protocol 2 studied the phenomenon of adaptive cytoprotection in response to mild irritation of the duodenal mucosa in the three experimental groups.
Diets rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids enhance the phenomenon of adaptive cytoprotection and render the duodenal mucosa more resistant to acid.
A microscopic comparison of normal colonic mucosa on the left and that of an adenomatous polyp on the right is seen here.
Nuclei are darker and more irregularly sized and closer together in the adenomatous polyp than in the normal mucosa.
Pharynx is composed of mucosa
The wall of the digestive tract includes mucosa
Conclusion Aminophylline aerosol can cause damage to airway mucosa
Methods The changes of antigen specific AFC in gastric and intestinal mucosa were detected by ELISPOT assay.
Conclusion: The gastric algesia impulsion are mainly conducted by sympathetic afferent nerve. And NO protecting mucosa of gastric body are mainly introduced by vagus nerve.
The fungus culture with mucosa blaze in the mouth
OBJECTIVE: Screening penetration enhancers on albuterol sulfate through buccal mucosa.
1) Conclusion Allergic rhinitis may cause collagen fibrils deposition in the basilar membrane of the nasal mucosa subepithelium
Results: No difference was found in the PPT of alveolar ridge mucosa between the left and the right side.
Objective: To study the relationship between the patient satisfaction with complete denture and the pain perception threshold (PPT) of alveolar ridge mucosa.
مثال برای mucosa
These findings suggest that anaerobic bacterial activity has a protective effect on the ileal mucosa.
This finding is consistent with other reports showing that restitution of the damaged mucosa takes place in barbiturate anaesthetised rats.
Methods Esophageal mucosa slips into the coat of the stomach and anastomoses it after the carcinomatous tissue excised .
Conclusion: Selenium and CGRP positive cells might be involved in the prevention and inhibition of the formation of aneuploid cells in the glandular stomach mucosa induced by MNNG gavage.
Cell cycle analysis indicated that the DNA synthesis fraction (SPF) of diploidy carcinomas was between normal colonic mucosa and aneuploidy carcinomas.
The position of peak labelling was deeper in the antral crypts at position 61 compared with position 26 in body mucosa.
Decreased peptic activity was present not only in the antral mucosa but also in the less affected mucosa of the gastric body.
To study the chemiluminescent assay and inhibitory test in detection of oxygen free radical (OFR) in antral mucosa.
Sore is the bottom of the anus rectum and anal mucosa occurred varicose vein plexus formed by one or more soft bolus a chronic disease.
Objective:The Injection method of rabbits oral mucosa protein was used to establish animal models of recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU) in this experiment.
جمله انگلیسی با کلمه mucosa
The purpose of this study was to establish the animal model of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) in buccal mucosa of SD rats by submucosa injecting and surface painting aqueous areca nut extracts (AANE).
Most of patients have aridity of nasal mucosa
Objective : To explore morphological changes of gastrointestinal mucosa of rats with spleen asthenia syndrome.
Histological examination of these areas at this time confirmed a chronic gastritis and atrophic gastric mucosa.
Objective To explore the effects and feasibility of autograft lip mucosa lamina prorias in skin wounds during cheiloplasty .
Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma is a low grade malignant B cell lymphoma and origins from the marginal zone of lymphoid follicles.
Conclusion Allergic rhinitis may cause collagen fibrils deposition in the basilar membrane of the nasal mucosa subepithelium
Objective To observe the pathological changes of ultrastructure of thickened and remolded basilar membrane of the nasal mucosa subepithelium in guinea pigs with allergic rhinitis.
The reduced bile acid absorption is likely to reflect damage to the terminal ileal mucosa.
Invitro studies have shown impairment of bile acid absorption in the ileal mucosa of patients with cystic fibrosis.
جمله انگلیسی با mucosa
Acting on entero- transport protein and intestinal mucosa metabolic enzyme
The small intestinal mucosa was studied by histology
This may partly explain the lack of change in the appearance of the duodenal mucosa on serial biopsy in this condition.
Methods: To pour antituberculotic gluey drugs through fiberoptic bronchoscope to the endotracheal mucosa suffering from tuberculosis.
Objective: To investigate the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and nucleolar organizer regions (NOR) with the carcinogenesis model of hamster buccal pouch mucosa.
Examination round to the caecum showed no abnormality and biopsy specimens showed normal colonic mucosa.
Meye etal reported that tight junctions in the canine gastric mucosa were significantly damaged by exposure to aspirin.
The area covered by gross injury was expressed as a percentage of the area of the glandular mucosa of the rat stomach.
This viewpoint is also corroborated by the brisk response of rectal mucosa to local gluten infusion.
Conclusion:Goblet cell and submucosal gland hyperplasia of nasal mucosa may cause mucociliary clearing disfunction
جمله انگلیسی در مورد mucosa
Conclusions: The stock solution of Fu Kang lotion has good efficacy in killing vegetative form of bacteria and yeasts and is not irritating to guinea-pig skin and rabbit vaginal mucosa.
Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of the eyelid reconstruction using hard palate mucosa graft after resection of malignant tumor of eyelid.
Methods The clinical and follow-up data of 17 patients with posterior eyelid defect undergoing construction with autologous hard palate mucosa grafts were retrospectively analysed.
Objective To observe the effects and safety of reconstruction of posterior eyelid (tarsal conjunctiva) defect with hard palate mucosa grafts.
Objective To investigate the Asi-antidiarrheal capsule's effect on mast cell (MC) in duodenum mucosa of thyroid hormone-induced diarrheic (hyperthyroid diarrhea
Lobular capillary hemangioma usually affects the skin and oral mucosa
Discussion Phagocytic cells are found in the intestinal mucosa; they are heterogeneous immunohistochemically in both normal and inflamed mucosa.
The gastric mucosa resists the corrosive effects of peptic hydrochloric acid secretion and noxious extrinsic agents.
The small intestinal mucosa demonstrates marked hyperemia as a result of ischemic enteritis.
Check you then vaginal mucosa hyperemia
جمله انگلیسی درباره mucosa
Objective To evaluate the long term outcome of bladder mucosa or internal preputial flap urethroplasty to treat hypospadias in children.
Colonoscopy showed total colitis with superficial ulceration and oedematous polypoid mucosa extending into the terminal ileum.
As a better immunogen and mucosa immunoadjuvant it can be use to develop mucosa vaccine.
The inflammatory cells were absent in the colonic mucosa of Crohn's disease patients examined in remission.
These cells infiltrate into the colonic mucosa and are abundant during the active phase of colitis.
The vascular endothelium seems to produce superoxide in the inflamed mucosa
We used the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium to detect the generation of superoxide in inflamed colonic mucosa.
Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by NSAIDs is the major established mechanism by which NSAIDs render the gastric mucosa vulnerable to mucosal injury.
This study shows that capsule endoscopy is a safe method of visualizing the colonic mucosa through colon fluids without the need for sedation or insufflation
The phary-esophagus passage could be restored by retaining the mucosa
جمله با کلمه mucosa
Distal intramural spread could be via mucosa
Safety condition of using Nd - YAG laser to irradiate the esophagogastric andcolonic mucosa of dogs was studied.
Certainly smoking stimulates mucin secretion by the respiratory tract mucosa
Conclusions There was obvious clinic significance for using labium mucosa graft to replaced the lacrimal sac defect and to realize the lacrimal duct' s repatency.
The larval stages occur in the gastric glands and can only be seen microscopically following processing of the gastric mucosa.
We present a case of squamous cell carcinomas of the buccal mucosa and metachronous leiomyosarcoma in the same region and review the associated literature.
The lesion has been described as a volcano with central whitish discoloration projecting from an otherwise normal gastric mucosa.
Oral leukoplakia is an important premalignant lesion of the oral mucosa.
Objective The adhesive agent of retinoic acid and triamcinolone acetonide was formed by characteristics of bio adhesion with some high polymer and oral cavity mucus for mucosa lichen planus.
Objective The adhesive agent of retinoic acid and triamcinolone acetonide was formed by characteristics of bio adhesion with some high polymer and oral cavity mucus for mucosa lichen planus.
جمله برای mucosa
These biopsies were later investigated in a light microscope to confirm a normal mucosa.
All cases were regarded according to a classification of Isaacson etal into high grade and low grade B-cell mucosa associated lymphoid tissue.
The normal gastric mucosa can prevent bypass diffusion of potentially noxious substances from the gastric lumen.
1. We showed that luminol enhanced chemiluminescence from colonic mucosa biopsy specimens is increased in patients with ulcerative colitis.
And the Fat-soluble toxin migrate from blood into the lymphatic system or respective mucosa within organ forming polypus
Primary renal mucosa - associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma
Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma is a low grade malignant B cell lymphoma and origins from the marginal zone of lymphoid follicles.
This is normal esophageal squamous mucosa at the left
Objective: to improve the acknowledge of clinicians to mucosa - associated lymphoid tissue ( MALT ) lymphoma.
Objective To study the experience in surgical treatment of gastric mucosa - associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma ( GMALTL ).
جمله سازی با mucosa
Objective To analyze pathology characteristics of gastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.
Objective To summarize the experiences in diagnosis and treatment of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue ( MALT ) lymphoma.
A opportunity arose from a primary study of proliferation in gastric malignancy to investigate BrdUrd labelled gastric mucosa.
Conclusion The Self-nasal septal cartilage with mucosa restored tarsal plate coloboma of eyelid malignant tumor is convenience and less lesion reconstruction operation of eyelid.
In some experiments the mucosa was completely devoid of mast cells.
Results Pathological mucosa of maxillary and ethmoid sinus in patients with chronic sinusitis improved both histomorphologically and functionally.
N-acetyl-5ASA is the major metabolite of 5ASA and the primary site of metabolism is probably the colonic mucosa.
1 N-acetyl-5ASA is the major metabolite of 5ASA and the primary site of metabolism is probably the colonic mucosa.
Serous glands and intrahepatic bile duct epithelia presented mucous metaplasia. The mucosa of gallbladder was intact on the whole and appeared slight mucous metaplastic change.
The number of methylated loci tends to increase from non - cancerous mucosa and adenoma to cancer.
جمله سازی با کلمه mucosa
Prominent among the protective mechanisms that are controlled by nociceptive neurones is the microcirculation of the gastric mucosa.
We have previously characterised the rectal mucosa associated microflora of patients with ulcerative colitis.
Its reduction by vascular endothelium and infiltrating mononuclear cells was greater in inflamed mucosa.
Morphological measurements and enzyme activities carried out on intestinal mucosa are another good method of assessing dietary nitrogen quality.
1. The small intestinal mucosa was studied by histology
Mucin concentrations in intestinal contents and mucosa were measured fluorimetrically
1. These cells infiltrate into the colonic mucosa and are abundant during the active phase of colitis.
Occasional islands of regenerative mucosa were present.
An increased permeability of the mucosa in patients with coeliac disease has previously been shown by Bjarnason etal.
We showed that luminol enhanced chemiluminescence from colonic mucosa biopsy specimens is increased in patients with ulcerative colitis.
چند جمله با mucosa
Daily assessment of the oral mucosa. High protein diet and nutritional drinks.
This may partly explain the lack of change in the appearance of the duodenal mucosa on serial biopsy in this condition.
Immunohistological investigation shows the same changes in the gastrointestinal mucosa as seen in the salivary glands.
The addition of indomethacin resulted in a significant decrease in the radioactivity ratio between ulcerated and intact mucosa.
We also examined whether upward expansion actually occurred in the background colonic mucosa by ex vivo autoradiography.
Bladder diverticula are herniations of the bladder mucosa through the bladder wall musculature.
Aim To determine nasal septum mucosa and cartilage as grafts in repairing eyelid defects.
Objective:To observe the therapeutic effect of nebulization of Tanreqing injection on radioactive reaction of oropharynx mucosa.
Necropsy reveals a severely inflamed mucosa studded with yellowish-green purulent nodules.
Rhinitis of varying severity form mild inflammation to necrotizing effects on mucosa and turbinate bone may by seen.
کاربرد mucosa
Conclusion:The effect of Weiyankang plus gastrone on precancerosis of gastric cancer may due to repress the abnormal expression of oncogene proteins in gastric mucosa.
Objective:To study the effect of Weiyankang plus gastrone on expression of oncogene proteins in gastric mucosa with Precancerosis lesion.
Conclusions Urethral mucosa can be replaced by colonic mucosa as well as buccal mucosa by using onlay urethroplasty.
The enhancer was screened to enhance the absorption of the drug. It showed that 2.5%E was optimistical to get 1.51 times permeability by the nasal mucosa of the sheep in vitro.
The purpose of this study was to establish the animal model of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) in buccal mucosa of SD rats by submucosa injecting and surface painting aqueous areca nut extracts (AANE).
Objective:To investigate the effect on cilia movement of experimental maxillary sinusitis in rabbits with different dispose to ostia and mucosa.
To observe the nasal and paranasal mucosa in 10 patients with nasosinusitis after radiation by scanning electron microscope (SEM).
Several divergent but characteristic pathological changes have been previously shown within the pouch mucosa.
Buccal mucosa and muscle defect was better reconstructed with a pectoralis major myocutaneous flap.
Objective To explore the outcome of hypopharynx reconstruction by using remaining laryngeal mucosa flap and pectoralis major myocutaneous flap in advanced pyriform sinus cancer.
متن انگلیسی در مورد mucosa
Objective To explore the outcome of hypopharynx reconstruction by using remaining laryngeal mucosa flap and pectoralis major myocutaneous flap in advanced pyriform sinus cancer.
This study examined whether the phospholipid composition of the full thickness gastric mucosa is changed in peptic ulcer disease and gastritis.
Peptone solution perfused into the antral pouch was used as a potent gastrin releaser and the acid output of the stomach was taken to indicate the release of gastrin from the antral mucosa.
Methods The damage of gastric mucosa was observed by using intragastric perfusion with peptone and HCl.
Conclusion Bismuth triple therapy combined with periodontics treatment is an important and effective method for the prevention of Hp infection recurrence in gastric mucosa.
1. Discussion Phagocytic cells are found in the intestinal mucosa; they are heterogeneous immunohistochemically in both normal and inflamed mucosa.
Data on the phospholipid composition in gastric mucosa differ
Nuclei are darker and more irregularly sized and closer together in the adenomatous polyp than in the normal mucosa.
And patients with a high standard of oral hygiene can keep the health of mucosa irrespective of the pontic material used at least during a short period.
Results The cases of positive gallbladder mucosa and choledochus bile were 13 (27.1%) and 31(64.6%) respectively. The cases of double positivity were 12 (25.0%).
مثال با mucosa
DWN potently inhibited both decrease of SOD and PGE2 and increase of MDA in damaged gastric mucosa induced by ethanol in a dose-dependent manner.
Objective To investigate the possibility of prefabricated mucosal liner in subdermal cavity with micro-mucosa and gelatin sponge compound graft.
Conclusion TSNA is harmful to the hamster's cheek pouch mucosa and is possible to induce premalignant lesions.
Methods Since 1995 transplantation of pieces of dissociated bladder mucosa on to the prostatic cavity wall was carried out in 98 cases after prostatectomy to prevent hemorrhage and urethrostenosis.
1. Antioxidants will develop a new effective gastric mucosa protectant with vast prospects.
The proventriculus histological structure was mucosa
The rectum mucosa epithelium is composed of single - layer columnar epithelium and pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.
Objective:Discuss a more ideal method of purse string suture and pull of rectum mucosa.
The level of platelet activating factor in the rat gastric mucosa was determined after the administration of endothelin-1 using a radioimmunoassay method.
Increased reactive oxygen species values in the inflamed colonic mucosa in rats were seen by chemiluminescence.
جمله سازی با کلمه mucosa
Conclusion Placement of internal fixed stent within pancreaticojejunal mucosa-mucosa anastomosis can prevent pancreatic leakage
Methods 42 cases with simple rectocele were treated by Xiaozhiling injection under mucosa of posterior wall of rectum.
Objective : To study the effect of nasal mucosa damage on re - infection of rubella virus.
These data indicated that specific HP strain with CagA seropositive was associated with the degree of damages and active inflammation on gastroduodenal mucosa.
The wall of the stomach consists of tunica mucosa
Results:Clinically all6cases showed severe erosion or ulcer of the oral mucosa with variform skin lesions. Solidary internal tumor was detected by CT in all cases.
The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of cysteamine used as depletor of endogenous somatostatin on the adaptive cytoprotection of gastric mucosa in rats.
Methods: A total of 77 cases of supraglottic squamous cell carcinomas (SGSCC) and 23 normal laryngeal mucosa near tumor were reviewed.
Stroboscopic examination 1 month after the operation showed smooth vocal mucosa
1) The proventriculus histological structure was mucosa
تاپیک سنتز برای mucosa
We consider the mucosa and submucosa carcinoma without lymphatic metastasis as early gastric carcinoma.
Lymphatic: tissue could be invaded by lymphatic metastasis including the gastric mucosa and submucous lymphatic tissue
Methods: Toxicological tests per os through skin and mucosa were performed.
The free mucosa of inferior turbinate is easy to be got and survive.
Conclusions: The nasal mucosa regenerates well after partial inferior turbinectomy with powered microdebrider
Here the gastric mucosa has been lost
Pseudopolyps are seen here in a case of severe ulcerative colitis. The remaining mucosa has been ulcerated away and is hyperemic .
1. Colonoscopy showed total colitis with superficial ulceration and oedematous polypoid mucosa extending into the terminal ileum.
Each of these abnormalities will increase the exposure of the duodenal mucosa to acid and thus explain its ulceration.
Reactive oxy - en - derived species are implicated in mediation of the pathogenesis of gastric mucosa damage and ulceration.
جملات mucosa
Local stimulation test : the different pellicles were put on the underlip mucosa for 4 hours for observing the change of underlip mucosa.
Lugols iodine was sprayed on esophageal mucosa under endoscopy and biopsy of unstained or tinged area by iodine was performed in the staining group.
Objective To understand the value of Cystoscope detect and mucosa Biopsy in urinary system tuberculosis diagnosis.
Conclusion Cystoscope detect and mucosa Biopsy had a key role in urinary system tuberculosis diagnosis.
1. Conclusion The modified colporrhaphy with vagina mucosa intact is a safe and efficacy technique .
There was muscularis mucosa in ventriculus and duodenum.
To test the damage degree of gastric mucosa by vernier caliper through the damage model of absolute ethyl alcohol to the SD rats.
Methods: The clinicopathological data of 6 cases with verruciform xanthoma of the oral mucosa were retrospectively analyzed
The model of Ulcerative Colitis rats was formed with method of xenogenic (rabbit) colitic mucosa immunity and stimulus on colitic region.
Differentiated carcinomas may develop from native gastric mucosa or intestinal metaplastic mucosa.
جمله mucosa
It was also detected in the gastric mucosa and cardiac muscle.
Objective To explore the effects and feasibility of autograft lip mucosa lamina prorias in skin wounds during cheiloplasty .
In the mucosa of ovariectomized guinea pigs
Objective To evaluate the influence of Ditong nasitis drop on frog palate mucosa cilia movement.
The rectum mucosa epithelium is composed of single - layer columnar epithelium and pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.
The relative complexity of gastric crypt anatomy compared with colorectal mucosa has discouraged its use as an experimental model in proliferation research.
No ureteral mucosa denude
After the formation of cysts because of the protection of mucosa drugs will become ineffective deworming must be done beforehand.
The erosion of the mucosa by the stool in the diverticula can produce inflammation and hemorrhage.
Discuss about using High - frequency electric coagulator in Electrocautery to treat prolapse of gastric mucosa.
کاربرد کلمه mucosa در انگلیسی
Objective To observe the clinical curative effect of treating gastric mucosa prolapse by high frequency electrotomy under gastroscope.
Methood 42 cases with gastric mucosa prolapse were treated with high frequency electrotomy under gastroscope to excise the cantlet stomach membrane causing the symptom.
1 The vascular endothelium seems to produce superoxide in the inflamed mucosa
Methods In 40 gastric mucosa injury model rabbits induced by intragastric administration of absolute ethyl alcohol
To study the effect of sea-buckthorn seed oil on gastric mucosa lesion caused by absolute ethyl alcohol in rat model.
We also examined whether upward expansion actually occurred in the background colonic mucosa by ex vivo autoradiography.
The drug is used to relieves symptoms induced by common cold or epidemic influenza like pharynx mucosa congestion of pars nasalis pharyngis
Note the areas of dark red friable mucosa representing Barrett esophagus.
The results showed that the cultured mucosa cells presented mainly four morphological types: fusiform cell
Objective To study the relationship between the bacterial spectrum difference of gallbladder mucosa and choledochus bile and clinical prognosis of gallstone pancreatitis.
استفاده از mucosa در جمله
This study examined whether the phospholipid composition of the full thickness gastric mucosa is changed in peptic ulcer disease and gastritis.
Methood 42 cases with gastric mucosa prolapse were treated with high frequency electrotomy under gastroscope to excise the cantlet stomach membrane causing the symptom.
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به جای حفظ کردن لغت mucosa ، جملات کوتاه با mucosa را حفظ کنید.
اگر واقعاً نمی توانید از حفظ کردن دل بکنید، به جای حفظ کردن لغت انگلیسی mucosa، جملات کوتاه مختلف با لغت mucosa را حفظ کنید. مثلاً به جای اینکه لغت “university” را به معنی “دانشگاه” حفظ کنید، عبارت “I go to university” به معنی “من به دانشگاه می روم” را حفظ کنید. وقتی شما به جای حفظ کردن لغت انگلیسی mucosa، جملات کوتاه انگلیسی با کلمه mucosa را حفظ می کنید، حداقل مطمئن هستید که می توانید به درستی از mucosa در جمله استفاده کنید. در ضمن، به طور ناخودآگاه نیز گرامر زبان انگلیسی را یاد می گیرید.
جمله سازی با کلمه mucosa
ساختن جمله با mucosa به شما کمک می کند تا واژه ای را که آموخته اید در جمله به کار ببرید و موقعیت استفاده از آن را به خاطر بسپارید. شاید بتوان گفت این بهترین روش یادگیری سریع لغت انگلیسی mucosa است. اما برای اینکه مغز شما بتواند لغت mucosa را در آینده به یاد بیاورد، بهترین راه استفاده از روش زیر است:
با لغت mucosa ده جمله بسازید و در هر کدام از جملات معنای متفاوتی از واژه mucosa که می خواهید یاد بگیرید را به کار ببرید. با ساختن جمله از لغات جدید به مغزتان کمک می کنید تا یاد بگیرد، زیرا به طور فعال در فرآیند یادگیری دخیل می شود.
به جای حفظ کردن لغت mucosa ، جملات کوتاه با mucosa را حفظ کنید.
اگر واقعاً نمی توانید از حفظ کردن دل بکنید، به جای حفظ کردن لغت انگلیسی mucosa، جملات کوتاه مختلف با لغت mucosa را حفظ کنید. مثلاً به جای اینکه لغت “university” را به معنی “دانشگاه” حفظ کنید، عبارت “I go to university” به معنی “من به دانشگاه می روم” را حفظ کنید. وقتی شما به جای حفظ کردن لغت انگلیسی mucosa، جملات کوتاه انگلیسی با کلمه mucosa را حفظ می کنید، حداقل مطمئن هستید که می توانید به درستی از mucosa در جمله استفاده کنید. در ضمن، به طور ناخودآگاه نیز گرامر زبان انگلیسی را یاد می گیرید.
جمله سازی با کلمه mucosa
ساختن جمله با mucosa به شما کمک می کند تا واژه ای را که آموخته اید در جمله به کار ببرید و موقعیت استفاده از آن را به خاطر بسپارید. شاید بتوان گفت این بهترین روش یادگیری سریع لغت انگلیسی mucosa است. اما برای اینکه مغز شما بتواند لغت mucosa را در آینده به یاد بیاورد، بهترین راه استفاده از روش زیر است:
با لغت mucosa ده جمله بسازید و در هر کدام از جملات معنای متفاوتی از واژه mucosa که می خواهید یاد بگیرید را به کار ببرید. با ساختن جمله از لغات جدید به مغزتان کمک می کنید تا یاد بگیرد، زیرا به طور فعال در فرآیند یادگیری دخیل می شود.
ساختار جملات انگلیسی با mucosaشاید مهم ترین مفهوم در زبان، جمله باشد. یادگیری ساختار جمله (sentence structure) در انگلیسی و هر زبان دیگری امری بسیار ضروری است. هر زبانی گرامر خاص خودش دارد و بر اساس آن ساختار جمله مشخص می شود. همین نکته در مورد زبان انگلیسی هم صدق می کند. در این زبان هم در هر نوع جمله ای قواعد دستوری خاصی حکم فرما است و هر یک از آن ها نقش مهمی در رساندن دقیق منظورمان دارند.
یک جمله گروهی از کلمات می باشد که در کنار یکدیگر قرار میگیرند و هر کدام از این کلمات اطلاعات خاصی را به ما می دهند. این کلمات اغلب با هم فرق دارند و هر کدام نقش خاص خودشان را در جمله دارند. از مهمترین اجزاء هر جمله می توان به فعل Verb، اسم Noun، صفت Adjective، قید Adverb، حرف ربطی conjunctions، حرف اضافه preposition، حرف تعریف و ... اشاره کرد.
ساختار جملات انگلیسی را می توان به 4 دسته تقسیم کرد.
جمله ساده با mucosa
یک جمله ساده با mucosa از یک بند اصلی که شامل فعل و فاعل است، تشکیل شده که اطلاعات کاملی در مورد یک اتفاق یا حالت را به ما می دهد. قاعده کلی ساختار این جملات به صورت زیر است:
فاعل + فعل قابل صرف
جمله مرکب با mucosa
برخلاف جملات ساده، در جملات مرکب با mucosa، دو بند داریم که با حرف ربط (Conjunction) یا ویرگول (comma) به هم متصل می شوند. نکته ای که باید در این جا به آن توجه شود این است که از آن جایی که دو بندی که در ساختار جملات مرکب انگلیسی با mucosa به کار برده می شوند، مستقل هستند، حتی به صورت جداگانه هم معنا می دهند. ترکیب نحوی ساختار جملات مرکب انگلیسی با mucosa بصورت ذیل است:
بند مستقل + حرف ربط همپایه ساز + بند مستقل
جمله پیچیده با mucosa
ساختار جمله پیچیده (complex sentence structure) با mucosa همانطور که از نامش پیداست کمی با جمله مرکب با mucosa فرق دارد. در جملات پیچیده با mucosa، در کنار بند مستقل می توان از یک بند وابسته هم استفاده کرد. یک بند وابسته شامل حرف ربط وابسته ساز (Subordinating conjunction) یا ضمیر موصولی (relative pronoun) است. یادتان باشد این بند با این که فاعل و فعل دارد اما ممکن است معنای کاملی نداشته باشد. بنابراین یک بند وابسته برای این که مفهوم کاملی داشته باشد، به یک بند مستقل نیاز دارد. ترکیب نحوی ساختار جملات پیچیده انگلیسی با mucosa بصورت ذیل است:
بند مستقل + بند مستقل وابسته
جمله پیچیده – مرکب با mucosa
ساختار پیچیده – مرکب ( compound-complex) با mucosa همانطور که از نامش می توان حدس زد، ترکیبی است از جملات پیچیده و مرکب با لغت mucosa. یعنی از دو بند مستقل و یک بند وابسته تشکیل می شود. این بندها با حرف ربط همپایه ساز به هم متصل می شوند. ساختار جملات پیچیده – مرکب ( compound-complex) با mucosa بصورت ذیل است:
بند مستقل + بند وابسته + حرف ربط + بند مستقل
– همواره سعی کنید در مکالمه و یا ترجمه فارسی به انگلیسی، از ساختار و کلماتی استفاده نمائید که خود افراد انگلیسی زبان (نیتیو) آن ساختار و کلمات را بکار می برند.
طبیعی است که برای این هدف لازم است شخص ترجمه کننده آنقدر متن انگلیسی خوانده باشد و نسبت به کالوکیشن ها و همایندهای زبان انگلیسی آشنا باشد تا بتواند به مانند انگلیسی زبان های نیتیو، مفهوم را منتقل کند.
مجدداً تاکید میکنیم که صرفاً با ابتکار و خلاقیت های شخصی، بدون تسلط به کالوکیشن های زبان انگلیسی به هیچ وجه این امر میسر نخواهد بود.
